In the market different types of solar heaters, the most appropriate model in tropical conditions is called "compact heater», by simplicity, efficiency and low cost, but not good for use at temperatures above 60 ° C, or for large industrial.
With technological advancement have developed different types of solar heaters more efficient and appropriate for different uses, where required a range of working temperature greater than that required to heat water for grooming, such as industrial heating fluid, refrigeration, etc.. The greatest success has been achieved is the solar water heater vacuum tube . It is currently the most effective used in thermal solar collectors.
For a while it was a very expensive and difficult to access, however, this system starts to become increasingly accessible for some applications, as evidenced by the proliferation of compact systems with hot water thermosyphon vacuum tubes in recent years, markets have invaded .
The sun shines on the collector and the temperature rises with the heat that is looking to heat a desired fluid, typically water. However, not all the heat generated is used to heat the desired fluid and which one party irrevocably lost heat the outside air that is in contact with the commutator ( conduction and convection ) and some is lost by radiation and that the temperature rise of the collector output with more energy than the environment in which is located in this direction thereby causing losses. The difference of the vacuum tubes is that they can achieve higher performance than flat plate collectors are reduced because the heat losses that occur by convection and conduction between the collector surface and the outer glass through the air between them.
The vacuum tube heaters have the same working principle than flat plate collectors, or, Radiation is received by the absorber and brought into heat to an accumulator tank. The difference is that the absorber is formed by tubes in which vacuum has been made to reduce heat losses in the tube and are placed absorber plate sections.
Some advantages of our solar vacuum tube are:
• It allows to reach high temperatures even in unfavorable climates.
• Better capture in cloudy.
• Aesthetics attractive.
• Improved performance with respect to surface like flat panels.
• Minimum assembly cost, thanks to the simplicity of the system.
• Easy maintenance because the tubes can be changed without draining the circuit. technology and design make it one of the collectors of highest performance with a performance difficult to improve.
Vacuum collectors are optimal for harnessing solar energy throughout the year, because in the summer months, have a normal return, similar to that of other collectors while in the winter months their performance is above the rest of collectors Some models consist of simple glass tubes, which have within a sector absorbing flat plate coupled to a metallic tube through which fluid flows. In other models the absorber is usually an inner tube with selective optical processing, which further improves the efficiency of the collector. Between inner and outer tube, both concentric, There vacuum.
There are various models of vacuum tube collectors, depending on the movement of fluid and heat transfer method used. The main ones are:
The Holcim Foundation for Sustainable Construction is a Swiss-based organization funded by the cement of the same name, dedicated to promoting best practices in architecture around the world. This is a project that has been awarded in 2008
Surfing the net I located this playground located in Montreal, Canada. It is made by the study of landscape and architecture Cardinal Hardy. It is characterized by forming the silhouette of a salamander from small artificial slopes and surreal structures created for kids games.
Concrete is the material used in contemporary architecture, and forming part of the structure of many buildings has proved its value in the surface treatment or coating. Despite all these applications is a material which is cold. Participación ciudadana.
In recent weeks the Internet has circulated a copy of an article on Canary, published the year 1955, in the American magazine National Geographic Magazine. It is a first-rate graphics documents for understanding cambio radical has experienced in this archipelago of fifty years as a solo.
In this park we wanted to preserve the existing natural vegetation remains in place. Perhaps, was the most interesting thing was in a totally colonized by bland tourist constructions. At the same time, there would establish a dialogue forms, species and colors that I wanted to be respectful particular site.
The Central Park Project Arona is in a place called The Nighty, halfway between the tourist resorts of Los Cristianos and Playa de Las Americas, with an area of approximately 42500 m2. This project would be born into a second development phase of the program sponsored Verde island called Tenerife Cabildo Insular de Tenerife.
The construction of Central Park of Arona was designed with the overall objective of providing a landscaped public area and entertainment area giving the greater environmental quality for coastal urban area of the municipality of Arona. From the beginning it has been claimed that the park be allocated to represent typical tropical flora in the Canaries, which would have great educational interest for foreign visitors, unaccustomed to this type of vegetation.
One of the basic ideas would be to generate a palm forest where they could live exotic species from many parts of the world with the usual in local gardening, especially with the Canary Island date palm, Phoenix canariensis.
Among the general objectives underlying the proposal should highlight the following:
- Define areas with various treatments to allow greater visual richness and botany in accordance with the particular uses that are anticipated.
- Organize walk circuits sufficient to allow enjoyment of the area to order and allowing full accessibility, even serving as a recreation area for the users of the hospital.
- Channeling the ravine, defining and delimiting the channel, and consolidating its side.
- Provide the new park of new infrastructure, such as the creation of a new park that meets the needs of the area. The arrangement proposed is based on the establishment of two distinct main sectors of intervention have conceptualized Arid Park and Tropical Park to allow easy identification.
The sector Tropical Park is planned as a path in lattice plot 6 mts. x 6 mts. which aims for a regular arrangement to facilitate sector as an area of landscaping planting of tropical palms.
Basic frame allows insertion of a series of footpaths, varying proportions, according to the importance of the road, allowing much of the park tour. The arrangement is complemented by the location of a set of small squares that have standard banks, some of them covered by triangular pergolas. Also of note is the creation of islands of creepers limited by concrete curbs. Another important architectural element within the park would be the Pyramids, whose mission is to cover the school behind, using to run itself rubble ravine and topsoil above these, where we planted the panel-Edullis Carpobrotus. The placement of these pyramids vegetated, claim that the walker inside the park, have the feeling of being in a real space in green, masking an adverse environment.
Within this park will include a large parking given the needs of the area.
Arid Park sector is specified in the preservation of existing vegetation, introducing native vegetation, according to the climatic conditions of the place. So between the hill and the existing ravine and occupying a triangular plot provides for the implementation of a dragon trees garden plants intended delimited volcanic stone walls.
This sector is also important to create woodland background that masks the Hospital and urbanization of apartments, which we do by lines bearing dense trees on the edge of the park buildings.
-Architectural Elements
The main architectural features are small triangular spaces that are in the path transcuso, being these points of rest and enjoy the surroundings. These squares with a concrete pavement are provided with a number of banks, with pergolas whose main objective is to establish an area of shade from the operation of the squares without waiting to tree growth.
Born in La Orotava, Tenerife 1968.
Degree in Architecture from the School of Architecture of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria .
He began his career by participating in various contests of ideas in collaboration with colleagues, obtaining the First Prize Award of the French College in Taliarte in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria with David Negríin and Urbano Yanes, and is also selected in the Housing Competition sponsored by the Ministry of Housing.
In 2000 GBGV study joins Architects, directed by architect D. Federico García González Barba and Cristina Vazquez de Parga, where he worked in various architectural commissions, landscaping and urban, such as Office Building City of San Bartolomé, Hospital of Sorrows, COAC Laboratory, Prebendary Avenues Remodeling Pacheco and Rafael Puig, Rehabilitation of San Marcos Church, Central Park of Arona, Sports The Higuerita, Adequacy Acentejo Canyon and Camino Viejo and the Hospital of Good Writing Step.
In 2006, Barba Garcia is part CPPA (Planning Consultants, Landscape and Architecture), company dedicated to planning work, landscape design and architecture.
The work in which I have been involved with CPPA Consultants in recent years include the revision of the General Plans of the municipalities of La Laguna and Tegueste.
As I participated Architecture and Landscaping, in a series of papers such as Great Britain Avenue, the Parque de Los Cristianos, Rehabilitation of the Youth House of the Orotava Hospital and Enforcement of Good Step.
Notably weekly participation in this CPPA company blog publishing articles on topics of current Urbanism, Landscaping, Architecture and Sustainability.
El enlace entre el aeropuerto de la ciudad y Shanghai. The only line with a Servida en el mundo de tren Levitacion magnetica
Por Tomás Dorta
The idea of a system promocionar de transporte público reduzca que el coche y mejore use of the movilidad y la connexion entre los lugares y las personas, is acollective good choice, but bear in mind that should really be a competitive alternative to private transport against, and thereby reduce contamination and be more convenient and economical. Namely, that really encourages people to use it constantly in their day to day, not as timely transportation.
Commuter rail network in Madrid
The island of Tenerife has an area of 2.034,38km2, coastal perimeter 342km and a population of 906.854 habs. (by INE 2010), mainly concentrated in the belt stretching from Christians to Los Realejos, through Santa Cruz and La Laguna, airport has two units and large commercial port; is one of the main islands of the archipelago. All these issues require consideration of new strategies to improve transportation, communication and management right for the island territory.
Tenerife The rail project is proposed as a solution for mobility and connection in the whole island, taking into account the continuous space is the most populated area of Tenerife, a strip in which is located the majority of the residents and visitors of the island, well as the main communication infrastructure and supply, major urban areas of Santa Cruz and La Laguna and university hospitals and.
But there is a major problem that an infrastructure like this must face and is the environmental and landscape impact it will bring to this complex territory, where one of the main attractions are the existing natural, involving the 50% island surface and are cataloged and protected by law. Thus, the layout of an infrastructure such as a train, would undermine these natural values if not given due importance and care. The urban growth unreasonable and illegal building, built on rural land and highways that run through the mediocrities dividing the territory and have become a problem, to introduce a new element strongly without adequate considerations shocking.
The two lines projected guided transport for the island of Tenerife
Perhaps a better solution for this issue to raise this transport system not as a great high-speed train, either rails or magnetic levitation (see Transrapid Maglev or eventually implement under study), but as a commuter. Namely, a light rail system that would link the towns of effective and timely manner, you may have many stops and flow between 50 and 200 km / h,. A service similar to that in Madrid or Barcelona connecting with nearby towns. So that people really see benefit in using these transport. Among other reasons, because it would go faster than the car; allow a greater number of stops, generating spatial denser; also mean that we should not move from point A to point B mandatorily, but you can get off or get on convenience, depending on where you reside or workplace or leisure you intend to access. A tram system closer to existing and those producing high-speed trains, covering large distances and few parts of the country connect.
Some social platforms arise also planning another alternative bus lanes; where the buses circulate and take precedence, so that traffic jams are not concerned. This other type of transportation system would have the advantage of avoiding wasteful consumption of land and new unnecessary conditions, also allowing more stops and, what is more important, give a collective service already known and cheaper cost since it is the dominant transport mode in the islands. In this type of systems based on autonomous vehicles not to make large investments because the networks through which circulate existing, consisting of the roads themselves. Also, the buses could enter the urban centers to provide access from center to center for greater flexibility in planning lines and convenience for users.
The implementation of major infrastructure mobility so limited territory should be a topic of discussion at a level much more intense than it actually occurs. Between administrations, undertaken professional society and then through consensus and always looking for the most appropriate medium to long term. Connect a complex and continuous territory like ours should always take into account user accessibility and mobility needs of the same, not always among the longest distances, but especially in shorter.
P.S. : As added and to serve as a reflection, in the American cartoon series, The Simpsons, Chapter number 12 of the 4th season is this type of transport, monorails and humorous and somewhat exaggerated terms address the issue, leave these data for each chapter and look who I see, no waste.
In the market different types of solar heaters, the most appropriate model in tropical conditions is called "compact heater», by simplicity, efficiency and low cost, but not good for use at temperatures above 60 ° C, or for large industrial.
The sun shines on the collector and the temperature rises with the heat that is looking to heat a desired fluid, typically water. However, not all the heat generated is used to heat the desired fluid and which one party irrevocably lost heat the outside air that is in contact with the commutator ( conduction and convection ) and some is lost by radiation and that the temperature rise of the collector output with more energy than the environment in which is located in this direction thereby causing losses. The difference of the vacuum tubes is that they can achieve higher performance than flat plate collectors are reduced because the heat losses that occur by convection and conduction between the collector surface and the outer glass through the air between them.
The vacuum tube heaters have the same working principle than flat plate collectors, or, Radiation is received by the absorber and brought into heat to an accumulator tank. The difference is that the absorber is formed by tubes in which vacuum has been made to reduce heat losses in the tube and are placed absorber plate sections.
Some advantages of our solar vacuum tube are:
